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Rif Dimashq offensive (November 2012–February 2013)
The Rif Dimashq offensive (November 2012–February 2013) ((アラビア語:اشتباكات ريف دمشق)) refers to a rebel offensive during the Syrian Civil War in the Rif Dimashq Governorate (which surrounds Damascus) which started in November 2012, and a subsequent attempted Syrian Army counterattack in January 2013. Thomson Reuters described rebels as "ramping up attacks on Damascus" in late November〔 and ''BBC News'' described the 29 November government counterattack as "an unprecedented offensive against rebel-held districts in the east of the city".〔
== Background ==
In September 2012 during the Syrian civil war, rebels carried out bomb attacks against military institutions in Damascus, killing 40 to 60 people, including high-ranking government officials, while the Syrian Army killed 40 cilivians near Damascus and 16 in Damascus itself. In October, rebels attacked governmental sites in Damascus, captured an air force base〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Syrian rebels say capture air defense base near Damascus )〕 and shot down a military helicopter〔(Turkey issues new warnings to Syria – Friday 5 October 2012 ). Guardian. Retrieved on 2012-10-08.〕 in the eastern Damascus suburbs. Clashes continued throughout October, with deaths of rebels, government forces and civilians. Rebels captured two Syrian Army checkpoints in the Damascus suburb of Harasta and on 25 and 26 October, the Syrian Army attacked Harasta with tank shells and rockets.
On 31 October, the Free Syrian Army announced that they had helped to form a brigade made up of anti-Assad Palestinians, (Storm Brigade), which was armed to take control of Yarmouk camp from the pro-Assad Palestinian group, Popular Front for the Liberation of Palestine-General Command. The PFLP-GC leader Ahmed Jibril and his men have been accused of harassing the camp's residents and attacking FSA fighters.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Rebels form a brigade in Damascus to fight armed Palestinians aligned with President Assad. )〕 Many Palestinian men from the camp also joined other FSA units and fought with them in the Damascus districts of Tadamon and Al-Hajar Al-Aswad.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Palestinians join Syria revolt: activists, FSA )〕
In the week following the 30 October rebel assassination of high ranking Syrian Air Force General Abdullah Mahmoud al-Khalidi,〔 rebel fighters engaged in more assassinations of high-profile government figures. On 6 November, rebel gunmen killed Mohammed Osama Laham, the brother of the Syrian Parliament Speaker, as he drove to work.〔http://www.ottawacitizen.com/news/Syrian+Speaker+brother+killed/7508940/story.html〕
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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